Here is a detailed overview of Tropicamide Eye Drops 1%:
💧 Tropicamide Ophthalmic Solution 1%
✅ DESCRIPTION
Tropicamide 1% Eye Drops is a short-acting anticholinergic (muscarinic antagonist) used to dilate the pupil (mydriasis) and paralyze accommodation (cycloplegia) of the eye for diagnostic and preoperative purposes.
🧪 FORMULATION
- Active Ingredient: Tropicamide 1% (10 mg/mL)
- Preservative: Benzalkonium chloride (0.01%)
- Other Excipients:
- Sodium chloride
- Boric acid
- Purified water
- Form: Clear, sterile ophthalmic solution
🌿 NATURE
- Type: Antimuscarinic agent
- Pharmacological Class: Mydriatic / Cycloplegic
- Mechanism of Action:
Blocks muscarinic receptors in the eye → leads to relaxation of the sphincter pupillae muscle and ciliary muscle → causes pupil dilation and loss of accommodation
💊 USES
- Diagnostic Applications:
- Fundus examination (retinal evaluation)
- Refraction testing, especially in children
- Preoperative Preparation:
- To dilate pupil prior to eye surgery
- Therapeutic Uses:(less common)
- To relieve uveitis or iridocyclitis
- Prevents posterior synechiae
🌟 ADVANTAGES
- Rapid onset (within 15–30 minutes)
- Short duration of effect (4–6 hours)
- Minimal systemic absorption if used properly
- Safe for routine diagnostic use
- Often used in combination with phenylephrine
⚠️ PRECAUTIONS
Local Side Effects:
- Blurred vision
- Photophobia (light sensitivity)
- Temporary burning/stinging
- Eye irritation or redness
Systemic Side Effects (rare):
- Dry mouth
- Flushing
- Fever
- Confusion or drowsiness (in young children or elderly)
Contraindications:
- Narrow-angle (angle-closure) glaucoma
- Hypersensitivity to tropicamide or other components
Use with Caution In:
- Infants and small children (risk of systemic anticholinergic effects)
- Elderly patients
- Patients with prostatic hypertrophy or cardiac disease
- Contact lens users: Remove before application; wait 15 minutes to reinsert
💡 Tip: Use punctal occlusion (pressing inner eye corner) for 1–2 minutes after drop instillation to reduce systemic absorption.
🧊 STORAGE
- Store at 15°C to 25°C (room temperature)
- Protect from light and heat
- Do not touch dropper tip to any surface
- Use within 28 days of opening
- Keep out of reach of children
⏱️ Onset and Duration
| Effect | Onset | Duration |
|---|---|---|
| Mydriasis | 15–30 minutes | 4–6 hours |
| Cycloplegia | 20–40 minutes | 3–8 hours |