Here’s the detailed profile for Nitrofurantoin Tablet 100 mg 👇
💊 Nitrofurantoin Tablet 100 mg
📘 Description:
- Nitrofurantoin is a nitrofuran derivative with urinary antiseptic properties.
- Mechanism of action: Reduced by bacterial flavoproteins → forms reactive intermediates → damage to DNA, ribosomal proteins, and cell wall synthesis.
- Highly concentrated in urine → useful mainly for urinary tract infections (UTIs).
📄 Prescription / Indications:
- Acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by E. coli, Enterococcus, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus saprophyticus
- Prophylaxis of recurrent UTIs (especially in women)
- Not effective for systemic infections (does not achieve therapeutic serum levels)
🌿 Nature / Drug Class:
- Urinary antiseptic
- Nitrofuran antimicrobial
- Bactericidal in urine
✅ Advantages:
- Highly effective against common UTI pathogens
- Low resistance rates compared to other UTI drugs
- Concentrates in urine, minimizing systemic side effects
- Useful for long-term prophylaxis in recurrent UTIs
⚠️ Precautions:
Contraindications:
- Severe renal impairment (CrCl < 30 mL/min) → inadequate urinary concentration & ↑ toxicity risk
- Late pregnancy (near term), neonates <1 month → risk of hemolytic anemia
- Hypersensitivity to nitrofurantoin
Adverse Effects:
- GI upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) – take with food to reduce
- Pulmonary reactions:
- Acute (fever, cough, dyspnea, eosinophilia – reversible)
- Chronic (pulmonary fibrosis – rare, with prolonged use)
- Hepatotoxicity (rare)
- Peripheral neuropathy (esp. in renal impairment, diabetes, anemia)
- Hemolysis in G6PD deficiency
Drug Interactions:
- Antacids (Mg trisilicate) ↓ absorption
- Probenecid, sulfinpyrazone ↓ renal excretion → ↑ toxicity
💊 Dosage (Adults):
- 100 mg twice daily for 5–7 days (acute UTI)
- 50–100 mg once daily at bedtime for prophylaxis
📦 Common Packaging:
- Blister/strip packs of 10 tablets (100 mg each)
- Hospital packs available
❄️ Storage Conditions:
- Store at room temperature (<25°C)
- Protect from light & moisture
- Keep out of reach of children