💉 Lignocaine Injection 1% (10 mg/mL)
📘 About / Description
Lignocaine 1% Injection is a sterile, aqueous solution containing 10 mg of lignocaine hydrochloride per mL. It is a short-acting amide-type local anesthetic used to induce local or regional anesthesia during surgical, dental, diagnostic, or therapeutic procedures.
💠 Formulation
- Concentration: 1% (10 mg/mL)
- Form: Clear, colorless solution
- Route: Injectable (IV, SC, IM, or regional block)
- Preservative-free versions available for spinal/epidural use
- pH: Approx. 5.0–7.0
📝 Prescription Category
- Schedule H drug (India) / Rx Only (US, other regions)
- To be used only under medical supervision
💊 Uses
- Local anesthesia for minor surgical or dental procedures
- Infiltration anesthesia (injected directly into tissue)
- Nerve blocks (e.g., brachial plexus block, intercostal block)
- Epidural and spinal anesthesia (preservative-free formulation)
- Intravenous regional anesthesia (Bier’s block)
- Cardiac use (IV): Emergency management of ventricular arrhythmias, especially after myocardial infarction (note: requires special formulation)
🌿 Nature / Pharmacology
- Class: Amide-type local anesthetic
- Mechanism: Blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, preventing initiation and conduction of nerve impulses
- Onset of action: 2–5 minutes
- Duration: 1–2 hours (shorter with higher vascularity)
- Metabolism: Primarily hepatic (liver)
✅ Advantages
- Rapid onset of action
- Short duration – ideal for minor procedures
- Widely available and cost-effective
- Less allergenic than ester-type anesthetics
- Versatile – can be used for local, regional, epidural, and even cardiac purposes (with caution)
⚠️ Precautions
- Do not exceed safe dosage:
- Max without epinephrine: 4.5 mg/kg
- Max with epinephrine: 7 mg/kg
- Avoid intravascular injection during regional block
- Caution in patients with:
- Liver dysfunction
- Heart block or bradycardia
- Epilepsy
- Elderly and children: Require dose adjustment
- Monitor ECG and vitals during large-volume or IV administration
🚫 Contraindications
- Known allergy to amide-type anesthetics
- Severe heart block (without pacemaker)
- Local infection at injection site
- Hypotension or hypovolemia (in regional use)
📦 Packaging
- Glass ampoules or vials: 2 mL, 5 mL, 10 mL
- Often available with or without adrenaline (epinephrine)
- Preservative-free options for spinal/epidural use
🧪 Storage
- Store at 15°C–25°C
- Protect from light
- Do not use if discolored or particulate matter present
- Discard unused portion (single-use)