Abacavir Tablet 300 mg

Abacavir Tablet 300 mg


Description

  • Antiretroviral Agent: Abacavir 300 mg tablets contain the active ingredient abacavir, which is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) used to treat HIV-1 infection.1
  • Adult Dosage: The 300 mg strength is a standard dosage typically used for adult patients.2 It is often administered as a part of a combination pill containing other antiretroviral agents.3
  • Prodrug: Abacavir itself is a prodrug that is converted to its active metabolite, carbovir triphosphate, inside the body’s cells.4
  • Not Monotherapy: Abacavir is not used alone for HIV treatment. It is always prescribed as part of a combination regimen with at least two other antiretroviral agents to provide a complete and effective treatment plan.5

Advantages

  • Effective HIV Management: As part of a combination regimen, abacavir effectively suppresses the replication of HIV-1, leading to a reduction in viral load and an increase in CD4+ T-cell counts.6
  • Convenient Dosing: The 300 mg tablet can be dosed once or twice daily, which simplifies the treatment regimen and helps improve patient adherence, a key factor in the long-term success of HIV therapy.7
  • Potent Activity: It has potent antiretroviral activity and is effective against a broad range of HIV-1 strains, with a good resistance profile when used in a proper combination.
  • Low Resistance Profile: When used correctly in a combination regimen, it has a good resistance profile and is effective against a broad range of HIV-1 strains.

Uses

  • HIV-1 Infection: Indicated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents in adult and pediatric patients.8
  • Treatment-Naïve and -Experienced Patients: Abacavir can be used in both patients who are new to antiretroviral therapy and those who have been previously treated with other agents.
  • Genetic Screening Requirement: A crucial use-related point is the mandatory testing for the HLA-B*5701 allele before initiating abacavir. This genetic screening is necessary to avoid a severe and potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction.
  • Part of Combination Regimens: It is a foundational component of many antiretroviral regimens, often co-formulated with lamivudine and/or dolutegravir for simplicity.9

Nature

  • Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI): Abacavir belongs to the class of NRTIs, which are structurally similar to the natural nucleosides that are the building blocks of DNA.10
  • Mechanism of Action: After being converted to its active form, carbovir triphosphate, it acts as a competitive inhibitor of the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase.11 This enzyme is essential for converting HIV’s RNA genome into DNA.12
  • DNA Chain Termination: By incorporating carbovir triphosphate into the viral DNA chain, it acts as a chain terminator, effectively stopping the DNA from being built and preventing the virus from replicating.13
  • Pharmacokinetic Profile: Abacavir is rapidly and extensively absorbed after oral administration.14 It is metabolized in the liver and eliminated primarily by the kidneys.

Storage

  • Temperature: Abacavir tablets should be stored at controlled room temperature, typically between 1520∘C to 1625∘C (1768∘F to 1877∘F).19
  • Protection: Keep the tablets in their original, tightly closed container, protected from light and moisture.
  • Child Safety: Store the medication in a secure location, out of the reach of children and pets, as this is a potent medication.20
  • Patient Compliance: Patients must be instructed on the importance of taking the medication as prescribed, without missing doses, to prevent the development of viral resistance and maintain therapeutic efficacy.21

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